Backlash over the images of protesters in Ferguson, Missouri, clashing with officers in combat gear drove an ongoing national push to scale back the militarization of police — an effort that has mostly steamrolled over concerns among law enforcement that they're losing equipment they need.

In the span of six days, police suddenly have a pair of poster cases for the use of military-style equipment: In San Bernardino, California last week, police officers deployed armored vehicles at the scene of a shootout with a married couple who had killed 14 people at a holiday party.

There has been no shortage of surprising and disturbing revelations since the nation’s focus landed on police violence, following the August 2014 shooting Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri. One of the most stunning discoveries was how little was truly known about police shootings of civilians: There was simply no reliable record. Although an old law theoretically mandated reporting, it relied on states volunteering information they often didn’t gather in the first place.

In March 2015, the IAB and DHS Office of Health Affairs hosted an Active Shooter Summit, which brought together first responders from major cities in the US and UK to formulate best practices or recommendations on integrated Active Shooter/Hostile Events (ASHE) response. The best practices are focused in 5 areas: policy; planning; medical, rescue and equipment; training and exercises; and incident command, and are captured in the report below. Please note, the report was officially published in September 2015.